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      that there was inadequate, on occasions                            agencies and paramilitary forces on
      the near- absence or negligible number   Though in a               India do not mirror the diversity of the
      of Muslims and other weaker sections in   democracy, the           national population… Since Muslims are
      the police and paramilitary forces, making                         not well represented in the IPS, there
      the Amnesty International characterize   composition of            is every justification for reservation for
      the PAC a Hindu paramilitary force. ..AG   the Police and          them. Simultaneously, there ought to
      Noorani has also focused on the near-                              be widespread coaching for minorities
      exclusion of minorities from police and   Paramilitary should      to compete successfully in the UPSC
      paramilitary forces.                                               examination.”
                    ♦ ♦ ♦               not matter, but it                  Khalidi had also detailed that the
      Though in a democracy the composition   does matter if the         decision of keeping Muslims out of the
      of the Police and Paramilitary should not                          police force wasn’t a very some recent
      matter, but it does matter if the democracy   democracy itself     one but taken years back, To quote him,
      is itself is going through a crisis phase. If   is going through   “When on the recommendation of the
      fascist forces are making marked intru-                            National Integration Council (NIC) in
      sions into everyday life of the citizen, then   a crisis phase. If   1969, the Home Minister YB Chavan
      focus rather too automatically dwells on   fascist forces are      merely broached the idea of recruiting
      the State machinery. And in such a dismal                          Muslims in the police force, the Bharati-
      scenario the Indian Muslim’s insecurity is   making marked         ya Jana Sangh (BJS), the precursor of the
      bound to get compounded by the low to   intrusions into            Bharatiya Janta Party (BJP) opposed it as
      very low representation of the Muslims                             ‘an invitation to disaster.’”
      in the police force and in the paramilitary,   everyday life of the   And as the interview progressed ,
      and also in the Agencies.         citizen, then the                Khalidi, who was then attached to the
        In fact, during the course of an inter-                          Massachusetts Institute of Technology,
      view, academic- author,Omar Khalidi,   focus dwells on the         Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, but
      had told me in January, 2010, (months                              had been writing extensively on the
      before his death), “Most of the intelligence   State machinery     Muslims in independent India, focused


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